Saturday 8 October 2011

Muharram rituals and ealrly shias

رسالة التنزيه في تنقية الشعائر الحسينية - العلاّمة السيد محسن الأمين العامليه

 

Risalah al Tanzih by Syed Muhsin al Amin

 

بل لم ينقل ناقل أن احداً فعلها من عوام الشيعة ولا أن أحداً أجازها من علمائهم في الأعصار التي كانت ملوك البلاد الإسلامية فيها كلها شيعة وذلك في العصر البويهي الذي كان ملك فارس والعراق وغيرها فيه لآل بويه ولم يكن لخلفاء بني العباس معهم إلا الإسم، وملك الشامات والجزيرة لبني حمدان وملك مصر وأفريقيا والمغرب للفاطميين وكان في عصرهم من أجلاء علماء الشيعة وعظمائهم أمثال الشيخ المفيد والشريفين المرتضى والرضي مع ما كان عليه بنو بويه من التشدد في نشر إقامة العزاء حتى كانت في زمانهم تعطل الأسواق في بغداد يوم عاشوراء وتقام مراسم العزاء فيها وفي الطرقات ولم ينقل أحد أنه وقع في زمانهم شيء من جرح الرؤوس بالسيوف والمدى


Rather, (any) reporter (historian) did not mention that anyone from the Shia public performed it (violent Muharram rituals such as tatbir) or that one of their scholars permitted it, in the era in which all the kings of the Islamic countries were Shia. That is the period in which al Buhaivi (founder of the Buyid regime) was the king of Persia and Iraq, and other countries were ruled by his family/progeny. And the Abbasid caliphs did not share the rule with them except by name (as figureheads). Syrian region and the Island was ruled by Bani Hamdan and the rulers of Egypt, Africa and the Maghreb were the Fatimids. And in their age there were great Shia scholars such as Shaikh Mufid, Sharif al Murtada and Syed al Radhi (ra), on top of that the extremism of the Buyids in propagating the establishment of Muharram's mourning ceremonies/rituals to the extent that on Ashura the markets of Baghdad would be closed and Muharram mourning ceremonies/rituals took place on the roads, despite this no one reports that anything such as injuring the heads with swords and its like took place in that period.

9 comments:

  1. Asalaam Alaikum knowledgable Akhi,
    Can you tell me through the hadith how we should mourn for Imam al-Husayn عليه السلام?
    I am a new Shi`a learning about our Tashayyu and in sha Allah akhis like you can help me with providing English translations of hadith from our Imams عليهم السلام
    Wasalam,
    A Learning Shi`a

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  2. A Learning Shi`a8 October 2011 at 03:25

    Do you also know where I can learn Arabic? I am an English speaker if that helps.

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  3. @Learning shia: Wa'laikum assalam,

    Brother, I'm not knowledgeable, I'm just a learner.

    As for how to mourn for Imam Hussain (as) according to hadith, the best ever way is to actually do a visitation of the grave of Imam Hussain (as) in Karbala, Iraq. It is the best ever act and a very good way to pay respect and express your grief upon his (as) martyrdom. Here is a hadith about it.

    http://realtashayyu.blogspot.com/2011/07/ziyarah-visitation-of-imam-hussain-as.html

    Also, for those who are capable and can afford it, it is obligatory on them to visit his (as) grave. Here are ahadith about it.

    http://realtashayyu.blogspot.com/2011/06/visitation-of-graves-of-imams-as.html

    For those who can not visit Karbala, they can send their salutations/greetings upon Imam Hussain (as) by this method:

    http://realtashayyu.blogspot.com/2011/05/ziyarah-of-imam-hussain-as-from-far.html

    Apart from that, it is strongly recommended to mourn for Imam Hussain (as) by simply crying your heart out for him (as), there are countless rewards by Allah (swt) for crying for Imam Hussain (as), even if it is only one tear.

    Here are some ahadith about crying for Imam Hussain (as):

    http://realtashayyu.blogspot.com/2011/05/imam-hussain-as-martyr.html

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  4. As for learning Arabic, I guess for a complete beginner it would be best to enroll in an Arabic course being offered by the Language centre in a local university. It isn't at all necessary to learn Arabic from a religious scholar, it is perfectly fine to learn it from an Arabic teacher at a university.

    Apart from that there are many online resources available. I think these books/resources are very good.

    http://www.kalamullah.com/learning-arabic.html

    These are also good:

    http://www.ziyaraat.net/findbook.asp?Escritor=All&srchwhat=All&orderby=titulo&idioma=All&submit=Display+Books&Tema=Arabic%20Language

    Apart from these there are many other online resources, youtube also has some good Arabic teaching videos in English. I guess you'll need to experiment and see what suits you best.

    Hope that helps.

    Wassalam

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  5. salam alaykum brother. this sanad is sahih?

    حدثنا أبو محمد جعفر بن علي بن أحمد الفقيه القمي ثم الإيلاقيرضي الله عنه قال أخبرنا أبو محمد الحسن بن محمد بن علي بن صدقه القمي قال حدثنيأبو عمرو محمد بن عمر بن عبد العزيز الأنصاري الكجي قال حدثني من سمع الحسن بنمحمد النوفلي ثم الهاشمي يقول

    Sheikh as-Saduq r.a, "Uyun akhbar ar-Rida a.s", 1/154, hadith 1
    http://www.alkadhum.org/other/mktba/hadith/auon_akbar01/07.htm#link13

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  6. @Velayet: Wa'laikum assalam brother,

    Taking a quick look, the sanad would be considered problematic because of al Hasan b. Muhammad al Nofali, there is a lot of disagreement/confusion over him.

    Tafrishi says in Naqd al rijal:
    والظاهر أنّه اشتبه عليه
    Apparently there's confusion about him.

    http://rafed.net/books/rejal/naqd-alrejal-2/05.html#151

    Khoei discusses it in much more detail here:
    http://www.al-khoei.us/books/index.php?id=7312

    Note: I'm just speaking about the sanad, I'm not saying the hadith is weak. The hadith is acceptable.

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  7. salam alaykum brother. i can wait, please give me about this sanad.

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  8. Apart from the problem with al Hasan b. Muhammad al Nofali, the sanad is also mursal because one of the person's name in the sanad is missing "حدثني من سمع"( Told me SOMEONE who heard..), it's not known who that "someone" is.

    Wassalam

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  9. ASSALAM ALAIKUM WA RHAMAT ALLALHI WA BARAKATHO brother I am very happy about your service for Tashayyu, very profound study, regarding how to mourn Imam Hussain(asws) specially on Ashura I have read two hadith, both secondary source is wasail al shiah here is the text. I want you to shed light on this matter

    thanks

    WASALAM

    1) وسائل الشيعة / ج‏8 / 90 / 4 - باب استحباب صلاة يوم عاشوراء و كيفيتها ..... ص : 90
    10156- 1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ فِي الْمِصْبَاحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع فِي حَدِيثٍ قَالَ: أَفْضَلُ مَا يُؤْتَى بِهِ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ يَعْنِي يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ- أَنْ تَعْمِدَ إِلَى ثِيَابٍ طَاهِرَةٍ فَتَلْبَسَهَا وَ تَتَسَلَّبَ قُلْتُ وَ مَا التَّسَلُّبُ قَالَ تُحَلِّلُ أَزْرَارَكَ وَ تَكْشِفُ عَنْ ذِرَاعَيْكَ كَهَيْئَةِ أَصْحَابِ الْمَصَائِبِ ثُمَّ تَخْرُجُ إِلَى أَرْضٍ مُقْفِرَةٍ أَوْ مَكَانٍ‏ لَا يَرَاكَ‏ بِهِ‏ أَحَدٌ أَوْ تَعْمِدُ إِلَى‏

    وسائل الشيعة / ج‏14 / 509 / 66 - باب استحباب البكاء لقتل الحسين و ما أصاب أهل البيت ع و خصوصا يوم عاشوراء و اتخاذه يوم مصيبة و تحريم التبرك به ..... ص : 500
    19709- 20- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ فِي الْمِصْبَاحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع‏ فِي حَدِيثِ زِيَارَةِ الْحُسَيْنِ ع يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ مِنْ قُرْبٍ وَ بُعْدٍ قَالَ ثُمَّ لْيَنْدُبِ الْحُسَيْنَ ع وَ يَبْكِيهِ وَ يَأْمُرُ مَنْ فِي دَارِهِ مِمَّنْ لَا يَتَّقِيهِ بِالْبُكَاءِ عَلَيْهِ وَ يُقِيمُ فِي دَارِهِ الْمُصِيبَةَ بِإِظْهَارِ الْجَزَعِ عَلَيْهِ وَ لْيُعَزِّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً بِمُصَابِهِمْ بِالْحُسَيْنِ ع- وَ أَنَا ضَامِنٌ لَهُمْ إِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَمِيعَ ذَلِكَ يَعْنِي ثَوَابَ أَلْفَيْ حَجَّةٍ وَ أَلْفَيْ عُمْرَةٍ وَ أَلْفَيْ غَزْوَةٍ قُلْتُ أَنْتَ الضَّامِنُ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ وَ الزَّعِيمُ قَالَ أَنَا الضَّامِنُ وَ الزَّعِيمُ لِمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ قُلْتُ وَ كَيْفَ يُعَزِّي بَعْضُنَا بَعْضاً قَالَ تَقُولُ عَظَّمَ اللَّهُ أُجُورَنَا بِمُصَابِنَا بِالْحُسَيْنِ ع- وَ جَعَلَنَا وَ إِيَّاكُمْ مِنَ الطَّالِبِينَ بِثَأْرِهِ مَعَ وَلِيِّهِ وَ الْإِمَامِ الْمَهْدِيِّ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ- وَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ لَا تَنْشُرَ يَوْمَكَ فِي‏

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